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Dyscalculia

What is dyscalculia?

Dyscalculia is a term used by some people to describe difficulties with learning number related concepts or using the symbols and functions to perform maths calculations. Problems can include difficulties with number sense, telling the time, memorising number patterns, calculations and maths reasoning. Dyscalculia occurs across all ages and abilities.

Watch this video to learn more about this specific learning difference, common dyscalculia symptoms, and evaluation options.

You are the expert of your child and are probably already putting in place strategies to support, sometimes without realising it. Here are some key strategies that may help children with dyscalculia.

Bring maths into everyday tasks:

  • Cooking: Measure in grams and millilitres; double or halve recipes.
  • Shopping: Ask them to help with money and change using real coins.
  • Time: Read both digital and analogue clocks; set timers together.
  • Transport: Read bus and train timetables, use journey planners together.

Dyscalculia isn’t just a memory issue, it’s a processing issue. Tackle it by:

  • Using number lines, dice, counters, or household items like pasta.
  • Drawing diagrams or using coloured pens for each step.
  • Keeping instructions short, clear, and step-by-step.

You don’t need to spend a fortune as many UK friendly apps are free or low-cost:

  • White Rose Maths (Primary and Secondary): UK curriculum-aligned lessons and visuals
  • NumBots: Brilliant for building number sense
  • TTRockstars: Great for times tables
  • BBC Bitesize: Age-appropriate help, aligned with the national curriculum
  • Keep home practice relaxed and short (10 to 15 minutes max)
  • Using breaks, movement, or calming strategies

Children with dyscalculia may also experience executive functioning challenges, particularly with:

  • Working memory: Difficulty holding numbers in mind for calculations.
  • Attention and flexibility: Trouble focusing and adapting during problem-solving.
  • Self-regulation: Difficulty managing frustration or staying engaged with maths tasks.

They may lose track of steps in a problem or forget materials. Support strategies include:

  • visual aids,
  • chunking tasks, and
  • extra processing time.

Building a positive relationship with your child’s nursery, preschool or school can make a big difference. You know your child best, and working together helps ensure they get the right support at the right time.

When you know what education setting your child or young person will attend, it’s important to make contact early. You can speak to the SENCO about your child’s or young person’s needs. Starting these conversations early helps the setting understand your child’s needs and plan the right support to give them the best possible start to their education.

A SENCO (Special Educational Needs Coordinator) is a member of staff responsible for making sure children and young people with additional needs receive the help they need.

They are your point of contact and can help:

  • the identification of children and young people with special educational needs
  • planning and reviewing support (such as SEN support or individual plans)
  • putting support in place, including interventions or resources
  • working with you to make sure your child is receiving the right help for them
  • linking with other professionals, such as educational psychologists

A SENCO’s role is to help develop ways of overcoming barriers to your child’s or young person’s learning so they can thrive.

Find advice on how to speak to your SENCO on Scope’s website.

It’s helpful to contact the SENCO as early as possible if:

  • You think your child may have additional needs
  • Your child already has a diagnosis
  • Your child is starting or moving to a new setting

You can ask about:

  • Support plans (for example SEN support or IEPs)
  • Extra help in class or small group work
  • Specialist support or interventions
  • Support for exams (for older children), such as extra time or a reader

Try to keep conversations open and collaborative. You and the setting are working together to support your child.

It can help to write down a list of things you have noticed to help you feel more confident.

This could include:

  • what you have noticed about your child’s learning or development
  • any concerns you have
  • what other people (such as nursery staff or health professional) have said
  • what works well at home
  • any difficulties your child or young person experiences outside of their education setting

You could also ask:

  • What support can the setting offer?
  • What can you do at home to help?
  • Keep a record of emails, meetings, reports and agreed actions
  • Ask for information in writing if you are unsure
  • Be open and honest about your child’s needs
  • Remember that your knowledge as a parent or carer is important
  • Work in partnership with the setting

There is useful guidance on how to communicate with education settings on the Information, Advice and Support Service (IASS) webpage. Visit the IASS website.

Schools can adopt various strategies to help children with any type of special educational need and this is not reliant on either a diagnosis or an Education, Health and Care plan (EHC plan, often referred to as an EHCP). The SEND code of practice provides statutory duties and guidance for school to follow.

Schools in Bromley have access to a SEN tool kit and support from the Inclusion Support Advisory team (ISAT) and the SEND Advisory Team (SENDAT). There are some examples of what schools may put in place as reasonable adjustments and where a diagnosis is not needed.

Examples of common classroom accommodations and strategies that can support some students with dyscalculia:

  • Allow extra time for tests and assignments to reduce pressure and give students the opportunity to process information at their own pace.
  • Use visual aids like charts, graphs, and number lines to help students understand mathematical concepts.
  • Incorporate physical objects such as blocks, coins, and puzzles to make abstract concepts more concrete.
  • Break down complex problems into smaller, manageable steps and provide clear, step-by-step instructions.
  • Engage multiple senses by combining visual, auditory, and kinesthetic learning methods.
  • Relate math problems to real-life situations to make them more relevant and understandable.
  • Provide a quiet room with minimal distractions for taking tests.

These accommodations and strategies can make a significant difference in helping children with dyscalculia thrive in a school setting.

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